C++ Archives - Embedded Artistry

C++26

29 January 2025 by Phillip Johnston • Last updated 10 December 2025

C++26 is the informal name for the standard following C++23. A full list of changes along with implementation status can be found on cppreference.

Exploring the Changes

C++ trainer Rainer Grimm has published a series of articles covering changes in the new standard version:

Using C++26 Capabilities

Rainer Grimm has published a series on implementing a lock-free stack using new C++26 capabilities:

References

C++26 – cppreference.com

C++

Weak Linking

8 May 2020 by Phillip Johnston • Last updated 14 December 2021Weak linking is a technique used with ELF and Mach-O file formats. Symbols can be “weak symbols” or “strong symbols” (the default type). A strong symbol can override a weak symbol of the same name at link time. Under normal linkage with strong symbols, errors are generated if a symbol is not found. An error will also be generated if more than one definition is found for the same symbol. Weak linkage is similar to extern in that it tells the compiler that the function or variable is defined …

Continue reading “Weak Linking”

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C++

13 October 2019 by Phillip Johnston • Last updated 20 August 2025

C++ is a compiled programming language originally derived from C. C++ supports object-oriented, generic, and functional programming features.

Table of Contents:

Books
C++ YouTube Playlist
From Embedded Artistry
From Around the Web
Recommended C++ Libraries

Books

Here are our favorite C++ books:

Real-Time C++: Efficient Object-Oriented and Template Microcontroller Programming by Christopher Kormanyos
A Tour of C++ (2nd Edition) (C++ In-Depth Series) by Bjarne Stroustrup
Effective Modern C++
by Scott Meyers
Modern C++ Programming with Test-Driven Development: Code Better, Sleep Betterby Jeff Langr

C++ YouTube Playlist

We have a Youtube Playlist with our favorite lectures on C++.

From Embedded Artistry

Convenience Gone Wrong: A C++ auto Story

20 February 2026 / Phillip Johnston / Cpp, Embedded C++ Series, Lessons from the Field

Strongly Typed Integers and Registers in C++

28 September 2020 / Klemens Morgenstern / Cpp, Embedded C++ Series

Exploiting the Preprocessor for Fun and Profit

27 July 2020 / Klemens Morgenstern / C, Cpp, Uncategorized

Q&A: How can I use C++ on Embedded Projects when I can’t use the Heap?

17 February 2020 / Phillip Johnston / Cpp, Embedded C++ Series, Q&A

A General Overview of What Happens Before main()

8 April 2019 / Phillip Johnston / Boot Process, C, Cpp, Featured, Lessons from the Field, Uncategorized

Improve volatile Usage with volatile_load() and volatile_store()

11 March 2019 / Phillip Johnston / Cpp, Framework, Tips and Tricks

Converting between timespec & std::chrono

31 January 2019 / Phillip Johnston / Cpp, Framework, Time

nothrow new: the Variant to Use When Avoiding C++ Exceptions

10 May 2018 / Phillip Johnston / Cpp, Embedded C++ Series, Exceptions, Migrating from C to C++, Tips and Tricks

A Warning When Using -fno-exceptions

3 May 2018 / Phillip Johnston / Cpp, Embedded C++ Series, Exceptions, Migrating from C to C++, Tips and Tricks

Refactoring the ThreadX Dispatch Queue To Use std::mutex

12 February 2018 / Phillip Johnston / Cpp, Embedded C++ Series, RTOS, Threading, ThreadX

Implementing std::mutex with FreeRTOS

8 February 2018 / Phillip Johnston / Cpp, Embedded C++ Series, Featured, FreeRTOS, libcpp, RTOS

Implementing std::mutex with ThreadX

1 February 2018 / Phillip Johnston / Cpp, Embedded C++ Series, Featured, libcpp, RTOS, ThreadX

Implementing an Asynchronous Dispatch Queue with FreeRTOS

29 January 2018 / Phillip Johnston / Cpp, Embedded C++ Series, Featured, FreeRTOS, RTOS, Threading

Implementing an Asynchronous Dispatch Queue with ThreadX

18 January 2018 / Phillip Johnston / Cpp, Embedded C++ Series, Featured, RTOS, Threading, ThreadX

Choosing the Right Container: Sequential Containers

11 September 2017 / Phillip Johnston / Cpp, Migrating from C to C++, Rules of Thumb

Choosing the Right Container: Associative Containers

30 August 2017 / Phillip Johnston / Cpp, Featured, Migrating from C to C++, Rules of Thumb

Choosing the Right STL Container: General Rules of Thumb

23 August 2017 / Phillip Johnston / Cpp, Featured, Migrating from C to C++, Rules of Thumb

An Overview of C++ STL Containers

2 August 2017 / Phillip Johnston / Cpp, Featured, Migrating from C to C++

std::string vs C-strings

26 July 2017 / Phillip Johnston / Cpp, Featured, Migrating from C to C++

C++: How to Utilize SBRM for C-style Interfaces and Resources

19 July 2017 / Phillip Johnston / Cpp, Migrating from C to C++

Migrating from C to C++: Take Advantage of RAII/SBRM

17 July 2017 / Phillip Johnston / Cpp, Migrating from C to C++

Comparing Variadic Functions: C vs C++

14 July 2017 / Phillip Johnston / C, Cpp, Migrating from C to C++

Ditch Your C-style Pointers for Smart Pointers

12 July 2017 / Phillip Johnston / Cpp, Featured, Migrating from C to C++

Using A C++ Object’s Member Function with C-style Callbacks

10 July 2017 / Phillip Johnston / Cpp, Featured, Migrating from C to C++

Ditch Those Built-in Arrays for C++ Containers

7 July 2017 / Phillip Johnston / Cpp, Featured, Migrating from C to C++

printf a Limited Number of Characters from a String

5 July 2017 / Phillip Johnston / C, Cpp, Tips and Tricks, Uncategorized

An Introduction to std::array

28 June 2017 / Phillip Johnston / Cpp, Migrating from C to C++

C++: Range-Based For Loops

23 June 2017 / Phillip Johnston / Cpp, Migrating from C to C++

An Introduction to std::vector

21 June 2017 / Phillip Johnston / Cpp, Migrating from C to C++

Warnings: -Weverything and the Kitchen Sink

7 June 2017 / Phillip Johnston / C, clang, Compilers, Cpp, Development Process, gcc, Uncategorized

-Werror is Not Your Friend

22 May 2017 / Phillip Johnston / Build Systems, C, clang, Cpp, Development Process, Featured, gcc, Lessons from the Field, Uncategorized

Header Guards

5 May 2017 / Phillip Johnston / C, Cpp, Lessons from the Field, Uncategorized

Mixing C and C++: extern C

1 May 2017 / Phillip Johnston / C, Cpp, Migrating from C to C++

Thoughts on Header File Extensions: .h vs .hpp

24 April 2017 / Phillip Johnston / Cpp, Lessons from the Field, Migrating from C to C++

Lambdas vs Closures

3 April 2017 / Phillip Johnston / Cpp, Monday Morning Reading, Reading Material

How Non-Member Functions Improve Encapsulation

27 March 2017 / Phillip Johnston / Cpp, Design, Encapsulation, Monday Morning Reading

Thoughts on the Vagaries of C++ Initialization

20 March 2017 / Phillip Johnston / Cpp, Migrating from C to C++, Monday Morning Reading, Reading Material

Never Call Virtual Functions During Construction or Destruction

13 March 2017 / Phillip Johnston / Cpp, Migrating from C to C++, Monday Morning Reading, Reading Material

Migrating from C to C++: NULL vs nullptr

8 March 2017 / Phillip Johnston / Cpp, Migrating from C to C++

C++ Smart Pointers with Aligned Malloc/Free

1 March 2017 / Phillip Johnston / Cpp, Embedded C++ Series, Featured, Memory, Migrating from C to C++

Implementing an Asynchronous Dispatch Queue

8 February 2017 / Phillip Johnston / Cpp, Embedded C++ Series, Featured, Threading

Callback Types

3 February 2017 / Phillip Johnston / Cpp, Embedded C++ Series

Improving Your Callback Game

1 February 2017 / Phillip Johnston / Cpp, Embedded C++ Series

Virtual Function Defaults

25 January 2017 / Phillip Johnston / Cpp, Migrating from C to C++

std::shared_ptr and shared_from_this

11 January 2017 / Phillip Johnston / Cpp, Migrating from C to C++

A Guide to Undefined Behavior in C and C++, Part 1

9 January 2017 / Phillip Johnston / C, Cpp, Monday Morning Reading, Reading Material

Migrating to Modern C++

28 December 2016 / Phillip Johnston / Cpp, Migrating from C to C++

ARM Pointer Alignment Requirements

26 December 2016 / Phillip Johnston / ARM, C, Cpp, Monday Morning Reading, Reading Material

Embedded C++: What’s the value?

22 July 2016 / Phillip Johnston / Cpp, Embedded C++ Series, Lessons from the Field, Migrating from C to C++

From Around the Web

References

C++ Reference – the best online reference for the language
ISO C++ Website – the official C++ website
- The Super-FAQ contains a treasure trove of knowledge that is especially useful to new developers
C++ Core Guidelines is a collaborative effort to provide guidelines for the effective use of C++ (since C++11).
C++ Best Practices – a “Collaborative Collection of C++ Best Practices” from Jason Turner
- Covers the safety, maintainability, portability, thread-ability, and performance of C++ code

Blogs

Shafik Yaghmour’s Blog
foonathan()::blog by Jonathan Mueller
Fluent C++ by Jonathan Boccara
Sutter’s Mill by Herb Sutter
ISO C++ Blog – C++ articles from around the web
Meeting C++ Blogroll
Embedded Template Library blog by John Wellbelove
Simplify C++ by Arne Mertz
Modernes C++ by Rainer Grimm
Kate Gregory’s Blog
Bartek’s Coding Blog by Bartlomiej Filipek
Andrzej’s C++ blog by Andrzej Krzemieński
Sticky Bits by Feabhas Ltd.

Not active, but full of quality content:

Herb Sutter’s Guru of the Week Series

On C++ Templates

Rainer Grimm, a C++ trainer, has a series that teaches you about C++ templates:

On C++ Concepts

Concepts are a new addition to C++20. The topic can be complex enough to deserve a bit of dedicated study.

C++20 concepts are structural: What, why, and how to change it? by Jonathan Müller, looks at the concept of nominal vs structural concepts, explains by C++ used a structural approach, and describes how you can mimic nominal concepts in your code.

Recommended C++ Libraries

Enforce Correct Integer Arithmetic using the C++ Safe Numerics Library

28 June 2019 / Phillip Johnston / Cpp, Embeddable Libraries, Library, Math

Regular Expressions for Embedded C++

14 June 2019 / Klemens Morgenstern / Compile-Time Processing, Cpp, Embeddable Libraries, Embedded C++ Series, Library

EMB2: A C/C++ Framework for Multi-core and Multi-chip Embedded Systems

20 August 2018 / Phillip Johnston / C, Cpp, Embeddable Libraries, Library

crect: A C++14 Library for Generating a Stack Resource Policy Scheduler at Compile Time

16 July 2018 / Phillip Johnston / Cpp, Embeddable Libraries, Library, RTOS, Scheduler

modm: Modular Object-Oriented Development for Microcontrollers

14 June 2018 / Phillip Johnston / Cpp, Embeddable Libraries, Featured, Library

foonathan/memory: Simplifying the C++ Memory Allocator

7 June 2018 / Phillip Johnston / Cpp, Embeddable Libraries, Library, Memory

Improve Type Safety in Your C++ Program With the type_safe Library

24 May 2018 / Phillip Johnston / Cpp, Embeddable Libraries, Library, Strong Typing, Type Safety

SaferC++ Provides Safer Native Type Implementations

14 May 2018 / Phillip Johnston / Cpp, Embeddable Libraries, Embedded C++ Series, Library, Type Safety

NamedType: The Easy Way to Use Strong Types in C++

23 April 2018 / Phillip Johnston / Cpp, Embeddable Libraries, Library, Strong Typing

C++11 Fixed Point Arithmetic Library

25 August 2017 / Phillip Johnston / Cpp, Embeddable Libraries, Embedded C++ Series, Featured, Library

Embedded Template Library [ETL]

A C++ template library for embedded applications. Most notably, it provides static-memory alternatives for STL containers and useful embedded software design elements.

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Standard Template Library [STL]

“The Standard Template Library (STL) is a set of C++ template classes to provide common programming data structures and functions such as lists, stacks, arrays, etc.”

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Run-Time Type Information [RTTI]

A feature of the C++ programming language that exposes information about an object’s data type at runtime.

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Resource Acquisition is Initialization [RAII]

An object-oriented idiom, where holding a resource is tied to an object’s lifetime. Allocation happen during construction, and release happens during destruction.

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Microsoft Visual C/C++ [MSVC]

Microsoft Visual C/C++ (MSVC) is an IDE and toolchain provided by Microsoft.

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